Staphylococcus Aureus

Foodborne Illness Short effect Questions staphylococcus What is the pathogenic mount upnt (pathogen) that ca engagements this infectious disease? The pathogen that causes staphylococciylococcus is c wholeed staphylococcus aureus. staph aureus is excessively called Staph and is abbreviated to S. aureus or Staph aureus in medical literature. S. aureus is a bacterium that causes various infections. Staph is a reciprocally found on the scrape up and also in mucus membranes (mostly the poke and throat) of up to 25% of healthy lot and animals. Depending on the type of agate line S. ureus, drop cause minor undress infections much(prenominal) as pimples, boils, carbuncles, and abscesses or flagitious diseases such(prenominal) as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis and toxic shock syndrome. (Microbiology, 2005) just about strains produce an enterotoxin that causes staphylococcus aureus gastroenteritis, also know as feed tipsiness. The most deleterious species of S. aureus is Methicillin-resistant staphylococci aureus (MRSA) this bacterium has developed antibiotic resistance. (Microbiology, 2005) Each year, approximately half a million people atomic number 18 admitted to a hospital in the U. S. ue to a staphylococcal infection. How is this infectious agent transmitted finished food or water? S. aureus is non necessarily transmitted through food or water but mainly through direct person-to-person reach out. It is also possible to transmit through indirect contact (i. e. contaminated environmental surfaces). Staph infections atomic number 18 common hospital-acquired infections due to the hatchway of health care providers being carriers of this, commonly harmless, bacteria. A carrier of S. aureus discount slowly contaminate their own hand by contact with their nose in the configuration of routine activities.Skin to skin contact is the most signifi rouset mode of transmittance the pathogen and hand washing can importantly fell transmissi on. Staph infections can go around through contact with pus from an septic wound, contact with objects such as towels, sheets, or clothing. (Wiki, 2012) S. aureus can remain living for foresighted periods of time on linen, clothing and dust. What is an warning of a documentary life eruption of this foodborne illness in the United States? I found this example of a real life clap, although it is non in the US, I found it astonishing that the outbreak finish with halal hygienics.In January 2008, a gang of neonates with bullous impetigo in a hospital of blue Thailand was investigated. Medical records and working timetables of healthcare workers (HCWs) were reviewed. During an environmental study, bacteriological samples from HCWs and equipments were taken. The study resulted in 16 confirmed cases and 14 probable cases. The blow rate was 42%. Most cases had skin blisters (28 cases) followed by pustules (five cases) and exfoliation (three cases). The location of the lesion wa s the form (17 cases), neck (14 cases) or armpits (nine cases).Nineteen cases had symptoms assault aft(prenominal) discharge from hospital. Median age at onset was 4 days. The strain isolated from an infected newborn share the same phage type as the contaminated equipment. Insufficient hand hygiene was an observed insecurity behavior of HCWs and visitors. icon to a nasal carrier of Staphylococcus aureus and ward sharing with a symptomatic case increased the risk of acquiring the infection. The outbreak ended abruptly after implementation of hand hygiene practices and equipment swooninging. (Eurosurveillance, 2008) What are the clinical symptoms, duration of the disease, and treatment if some(prenominal)? The clinical symptoms of a skin staph infection are boils and puss-filled accesses. These areas of the infection are commonly red, swollen and painful. Drainage of the infections is common practice. When S aureus enters the blood stream it can spread to organs and cause mo nstrous infections, this is known as bacteremia or sepsis. Patients with underlying lung disease whitethorn develop staphylococcus pneumonia which causes an abscess formation in the ungs. transmittance of the heart valves, also called endocarditis, can trine to heart failure. Staphylococcal food poisoning causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration. (MedicineNet, n. d. ) Minor skin infections may be treated with an antibiotic unction or oral antibiotics. Serious and life-threatening illness may be treated with intravenous antibiotics depending on the particular staphylococcal strain. Some strains, such as MRSA, are resistant to many antibiotics. What steps can be taken to prevent shape up outbreaks?Include individual as come up as environmental precautions and methods. There is not a vaccine available against Staphylococcus aureus since bacteria are so widespread. only when there are common hygiene practices that can pare the risk of ontogeny staph infections. Thoroug hly washing hands is the best defense against germs. If you have a cut or wound, keep it clean and covered with sterile bandages until they heal completely. annul sharing personal items such as towels, sheets, razors and clothing. Women that use tampons can reduce their risk by changing tampons frequently.Hospitals can reduce transmission of staphylococcal aureus and MRSA by ensuring proper hygiene is a priority with all healthcare workers. They can also dust surfaces that are handled by healthcare workers, patients and visitors daily. A study was done to test the ingathering rate of staphylococci on faultless steel and judicature. The results of this study showed the growth of the bacteria to be lower on the brass covered hardware. This could be a dislodge hospitals can make to help reduce the spread of staphylococcus. Noyce, Michels, & Keevil, 2006, p. 290) Reference Microbiology. (2005, May 25). What Is Staphylococcus Aureus? Bionewsonline. com Retrieved January 21, 2012, f rom http//www. bionewsonline. com/i/what_is_staphylococcus_aureus. htm Wikipedia. (2012, January 17). Staphylococcus Aureus. Wikipedia. org Retrieved January 21, 2012, form http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus Eurosurveillance. (January 2008). An outbreak of hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus skin infection among newborns, grannie Province, Thailand, January 2008.EuroSurveillance. org. Retrieved January 21, 2012, from http//www. eurosurveillance. org/ViewArticle. aspx? ArticleId=19372 MedicineNet. (n. d. ). Staph Infection. MedicineNet. com. Retrieved on January 21, 2012 from http//www. medicinenet. com/staph_infection/article. htmsymptoms J. O. Noyce, H. Michels, & C. W. Keevil. (2006). Potential use of copper surfaces to reduce survival of pestilent Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the healthcare environment. Electronic Version. journal of Hospital Infection, 63, 289-297